SFFMA

Section 6

Fire Streams

Intermediate Level

1. To achieve extinguishment, sufficient water must be applied to:
1. Thoroughly saturate the burning fuel
2. Smother all flames
3. Absorb heat faster than it is being generated
4. Produce stream

2. In reference to a fire stream, friction loss is defined as:
1. The loss of the stream velocity after it exits the nozzle
2. The part of the pressure that is used to overcome friction in the hose
3. The amount of pressure needed to overcome friction caused by water
4. The friction created by dragging the hose along the ground

3. When advancing a dry line to the point of operation, it is recommended that a firefighter carry the nozzle by:
1. Tucking it under the arm and carrying it with the opposite hand
2. Placing the hose over the shoulder with the nozzle in front, resting on the chest
3. Gripping the nozzle with both hands, at waist level, keeping the nozzle in front of the firefighter
4. Holding the nozzle at chest level with the supply line around the waist

4. Solid-stream handlines are designed to be operated at a nozzle pressure of _____ psi.
1. 50
2. 75
3. 90
4. 100

5. When water flowing through a fire hose or pipe is suddenly stopped, the resulting surge is referred to as:
1. Static energy absorption
2. A water hammer
3. Flow pressure
4. Residual pressure

6. To properly operate a fire hose nozzle valve, it should be:
1. Opened slowly and closed quickly
2. Opened quickly and closed slowly
3. Opened and closed slowly
4. Opened and closed quickly

7. ______ nozzle will discharge a wide range of flows with an effective fire stream, depending on the pressure being supplied to the nozzle.
1. Set gallonage
2. Solid
3. Automatic
4. Proportioner

8. Nozzles with flows in excess of _______ gallons per minute are not recommended for handlines.
1. 40
2. 125
3. 300
4. 250

9. Fire stream types are generally classified as:
1. Solid and fog
2. Straight and fog
3. Light, medium, and heavy
4. Direct, indirect, and combination

10. Which of the following statements concerning automatic constant pressure nozzles is not correct?
1. The nozzle automatically varies the flow rate to maintain an effective nozzle pressure
2. A minimum nozzle pressure is needed to maintain a good spray pattern
3. The nozzle person can change the flow rate by opening and closing the shut-off valve
4. The pump setting to change the flow rate of the nozzle

11. The standard nozzle pressure for a solid stream nozzle on a handline is ____ psi.
1. 50
2. 80
3. 100
4. 125

12. During the time a stream of water passes through space, it is influenced by velocity, _____, wind, and air.
1. Absorption
2. Temperature
3. Specific density
4. Gravity

13. Nozzle controls, hydrants, valves, and hose clamps should be operated ________ to prevent a water hammer.
1. One-half turn at a time
2. Slowly
3. Rapidly
4. During low pressure only

14. A straight stream is discharged from a/an ________ nozzle.
1. Smooth-orifice
2. Adjustable-fog
3. Special-purpose
4. Applicator

15. A water hammer is:
1. A hydraulic tool used for breaking apart concrete
2. The pressure surge that occurs when water valves or nozzles are slowly opened and closed
3. The use of water to assist in overhaul by washing pieces of plaster and other building materials away from the structure
4. The pressure surge that occurs when water valves or nozzles are rapidly opened or closed

16. Which of the following statements regarding solid streams is not correct?
1. A solid stream has less effect on a room’s thermal balance
2. Solid stream produces minimal amounts of steam compared to narrow and wide fog patterns
3. It has poor penetration into piles of burning material
4. Solid streams have the ability to penetrate through fire’s heat without absorbing the heat before reaching the target

17. Which of the following statements regarding fog nozzles is not correct?
1. Adjustable fog nozzles provide personal protection because of the screening effect between them and the fire
2. Fog nozzles provide better heat absorption
3. They have a greater reach than solid stream nozzles
4. Fog streams can produce more stream that can extinguish hidden fire

18. Cellar nozzles are designed to be used to fight localized fires in basements where firefighters cannot make a direct attack. It operates by:
1. Forming a water curtain to protect exposures
2. Directing the stream in one direction
3. Piercing block walls or aircraft skin
4. Rotating in a circular spray pattern

19. Friction loss is:
1. The amount or volume of water that a nozzle will provide
2. The force of nature that makes the nozzle move in the opposite direction of the water flow
3. The forward pressure of water as it leaves an opening
4. That part of total pressure that is lost while water mover through a hose line

20. If there is adequate ventilation, steam from a water fog will _____ the toxic gases present.
1. Compress
2. Absorb
3. Displace
4. Contain

21. The part of the total pressure that is lost when water is forced through pipe, fitting, fire hose, and adapters is called:
1. Residual pressure
2. Flow pressure
3. Friction loss
4. Static pressure

22. Solid streams are preferred whenever:
1. A large volume of smoke is present
2. Reach and penetration are needed
3. Firefighters need a protective curtain
4. Forced ventilation is necessary

23. One advantage of a solid stream nozzle is:
1. For ladder-pipe applications
2. That it creates more stream
3. Its effectiveness in subduing stubborn Class B fires
4. It provides an extended reach

24. A stream discharging more than 300 gpm is known as a/an ______ stream.
1. Booster
2. Solid
3. Elevated
4. Master

25. Fine water droplets and maximum high water surface area are characteristics of a _____ stream.
1. Solid
2. Fog
3. Broken
4. Straight

26. A stream designed to be as compact as possible with little shower or spray is known as a ______ stream.
1. Solid
2. Fog
3. Straight
4. Narrow-angle fog

27. A fire stream is:
1. The flaming material shot through the air by a flame thrower
2. Is the main attack line on interior attack
3. Water or another agent as it leaves the nozzles toward the target
4. The total number of streams needed for knockdown and extinguishment of a fire

28. Which one of the following is not a method by which foam acts as a suppression agent?
1. Smothering
2. Cooling
3. Inhibiting the chemical chain reaction
4. Separating

29. At 212 degrees F, water expands to ______ times its original volume when it converts to steam.
1. 500
2. 970
3. 1700
4. 9000

30. Water is the primary fire extinguishing agent because of its:
1. Temperature coefficient tension
2. Purity and low toxicity
3. Ability to absorb heat
4. Flexibility and tendency to evaporate slowly

31. Which of the following is not a hydro-carbon?
1. Ketone
2. Kerosene
3. Gasoline
4. Fuel/heating oil

32. Foams designed for Class B fuel fires are used at _______ percent concentration.
1. 6 to 10
2. 2 to 8
3. 5 to 12
4. 1 to 6

33. According to NFPA, pumpers are required to carry at least ______ feet of 1 ½”, 1 ¾”, or 2” attack hose.
1. 1200
2. 200
3. 400
4. 500

34. A typical siamese appliance will have _________ connections.
1. 3 male
2. 2 male and 1 female
3. 2 female and 1 male
4. 3 female

35. Which of the following is not a common use for the hose rope tool?
1. Securing hose
2. Anchoring hose to the tops of ladders
3. Advancing a charged hose line
4. Raising a tool up a ladder
36. There is a maximum distance to any fog stream. Further increase in nozzle pressure will only increase:
1. Critical velocity
2. Back pressure
3. Cavitation
4. Volume

37. The broken stream is often useful for all of the following except:
1. Cellar fires
2. Attic fire
3. Partition fires
4. Warehouse fires

38. During an interior structural fire attack, if ventilation holes cannot be made large enough, or if ventilation will be delayed, then it is important to keep the nozzle on a _______ stream.
1. 30 degree fog
2. Straight
3. Combination
4. 60 degree fog

39. The main reason a fog stream has greater heat-absorbing capacity than a solid stream is its:
1. Greater surface area
2. Free-moving molecules
3. Lower viscosity
4. Coefficient of heat absorption

40. Directions: Read the following statements, then select your answer from alternatives A-D below.

Statement 1: Solid master streams are generally operated at 50 psi nozzle pressure

Statement 2: Fog master streams are generally operated at 100 psi nozzle pressure

Statement 3: Fog handlines are generally operated at 100 psi nozzle pressure

a. All three sentences are true

b. The first sentence is true; the second and third sentences are false

c. The first sentence is false; the second and third sentences are true

d. The first and second sentences are true; the third sentence is false

41. Of the four fire stream volumes listed below, select the one that is most likely supplied by a single 2 ½” hose.
1. 125-350 gpm
2. 460-550 gpm
3. 360-460 gpm
4. 550-1000 gpm

42. Water being discharged from a nozzle under pressure produces a force on the nozzle operator. This best describes:
1. Head pressure
2. Nozzle pressure
3. Nozzle reaction
4. Nozzle lift

43. One advantage of a solid stream nozzle is:
1. For ladder-pipe applications
2. That it creates more stream
3. Its effectiveness in subduing stubborn Class B fires
4. It provides an extended reach

44. Standard nozzle pressure for a solid-stream, master-stream device is considered to be _______ psi.
1. 50
2. 80
3. 100
4. Above 100

45. A ________ stream is one in which the pattern is separated into coarsely dived droplets.
1. Fog
2. Solid
3. Straight
4. Broken

46. The four elements that make a fire stream are a pump, water, nozzle, and:
1. Volume
2. Velocity
3. Hydrant
4. Hose

Answer Key: http://www.fireintexas2.com/presentations/intersec6testanskey.htm